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The Connection Between Climate and Animal Agriculture

During Climate Week, remember that animal agriculture is a big part of the problem, and a big part of the solution too

9/19/2024

From September 22-29, Climate Week NYC is bringing together people from many walks of life in order to “drive the transition, speed up progress, and champion change that is already happening” with regards to climate action.

At FOUR PAWS, we shed a light on the connection between climate change and animal welfare and advocate for a transformation of animal agriculture in order to help mitigate the effects of climate change.

What is the connection between climate change and animal welfare?

Globally, the livestock industry generates 16.5% of our total global greenhouse gas emissions. It is the second-highest source of emissions and amounts to more than the entire transport sector - all of the world’s cars, trucks, ships and airplanes combined¹.

On top of that, animal agriculture is the leading contributor to biodiversity loss, acid rain, coral reef degeneration, deforestation and water pollution.

When land is used to raise animals instead of crops, precious water and soil are lost, trees are cut down to clear the land for feed production and factory farms and untreated animal waste pollutes rivers and streams.

The world’s cattle alone consume more food than the caloric needs of the entire human population on Earth² — a massive waste of energy. To save the climate, we have to reduce our consumption of meat and finally end factory farming.

A split screen with dairy cows on the left, a barren landscape on the right, and the words, "Is it worth it?" running diagonally down the center.

Why is animal agriculture so much  more damaging to our climate than plant agriculture?

 Animals such as cows, sheep and goats are herbivorous animals that graze, known as ruminants. Ruminants emit a very powerful greenhouse gas called methane (CH) through a process called ‘enteric fermentation’ which occurs in their stomachs and intestines when digesting feed.

Ruminants are responsible for 89% of the total CHemissions of animal agriculture, while animals like chickens and pigs contribute only 11%. Among ruminants, cattle contribute to the majority of methane production at 69% of the total.4

Also, the feed production itself is quite climate-harming. Almost half of farm animal-related emissions are caused by the production and processing of animal feed such as grass and feed crops.1 Feed production and grazing pastures alone take up 77% of the world’s agricultural land.2

What is FOUR PAWS doing about this problem?

As an animal welfare organization, we are alarmed about the unfolding climate crisis. Therefore, we have various campaigns and projects exposing the harmful practices of the meat and dairy industry that exploits billions of animals, people and our planet and demands a food systems transformation.

In our Meat Exhaustion day report, we looked at the meat consumption per country. We calculated when a country would exceed its 'sustainable' meat consumption, as defined by the Planetary Health Diet. This is a reference diet of the renowned scientific EAT-Lancet Committee, which looks into the environmental and health impacts of food. the environmental and health impacts of food.

Our policy experts also make sure to give a voice to the animals in political settings like the UN Climate Conferences or the European Parliament. We also frequently attend climate strikes and protests related to animal agriculture in countries all around the globe.

What can I personally do?

In addition to using climate-friendly forms of transportation and energy, a very effective way to lower your personal carbon footprint is through your diet. The consumption of cheap meat and dairy supports the dysfunctional factory farming industry that causes immense animal suffering and is a key contributor to climate change.

To take action, FOUR PAWS recommends the 3 R’s principle: Reduce, Refine, and Replace. 

  • Reduce the number of animal products that are consumed as much as possible
  • Refine the selection of animal products that are consumed to the most sustainable and cruelty-free option on offer
  • Replace as many animal products as possible with tasty, cruelty-free and climate-friendly alternatives
FOUR PAWS staff member at rally holding sign that reads "Less meat, Less heat"

Source

1. Gerber PJ, Steinfeld H, Henderson B, Mottet A, Opio C, Dijkman J, Falcucci A, Tempio G. Tackling climate change through livestock: a global assessment of emissions and mitigation opportunities. Tackling climate change through livestock: a global assessment of emissions and mitigation opportunities. 2013 [accessed 2023 Feb 6]. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20133417883
2. United Nations Environment Programme. What’s Cooking? An assessment of the potential impacts of selected novel alternatives to conventional animal products. United Nations Environment Programme; 2023. https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/44236. doi:10.59117/20.500.11822/44236
3. Dangal SRS, Tian H, Xu R, Chang J, Canadell JG, Ciais P, Pan S, Yang J, Zhang B. Global Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Pasturelands and Rangelands: Magnitude, Spatiotemporal Patterns, and Attribution. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 2019;33(2):200–222. doi:10.1029/2018GB006091
4. FAO. Pathways towards lower emissions. FAO; 2023. http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cc9029en. doi:10.4060/cc9029en
5. FAO. Pathways towards lower emissions. FAO; 2023. http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cc9029en. doi:10.4060/cc9029en
A group of cows in a dark room with one cow looking at camera

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